新概念二册-Lesson 1~5 笔记
Lesson 1 A private conversation
生词短语用法 🙆♂️
生词/短语 | 解释 |
---|---|
pay attension to sb. / sth. | 注意 xx |
May I have your attension,please? | 请注意咯 |
attract / catch one’s attension | 吸引某人注意力 |
none of | 都没有 |
形容词一般用于修饰限定名词 | |
副词可以用于修饰动词、句子和其他形容词副词 | |
总结就是形容词修饰名词,其他所有都被副词修饰 |
key structure 🔑
简单陈述句:
What
描述一件事的句子
简单陈述句就是用来陈述描述一件事的句子
Why
一切句子的基础
英语中长难句都是多个简单句通过连词连接而来的
核心:
名词 + 动词(主 谓),一一搭配,多了不行
名词 + 动词 + 补充说明(主谓宾、主谓宾宾补、主系表)
构成和变化:
一件事当中只能包含一个谓语动词,但谓语动词不一定只有一个单词,有可能由多个单词组合而成
谓语动词一共有四种变化:时态、语态、情态、否定
They were talking loudly -> 时态变化
It was bought by my grandfather -> be + done 被动语态
I could not hear the actor ->情态变化
I did not enjoy it -> 过去否定
连词成句:
1、句子的核心
2、补充说明 & 时间
the film / I / enjoyed / yesterday
I enjoyed the film yesterday
games / played / yesterday / in their room / the childen / quietly
The childen played games in their room quietly yesterday ✅
The childen played games quietly in their room yesterday ✅
3、补充说明 修饰成分的语序是允许调整的,时间只能放最后或者最前
补充部分:
如何识别系动词?
1、be单独出现时
2、当 get / become / turn / go / grow 表示“变得”的时候,如:I got angry
3、出现感官动词 look / sound / smell / taste / feel(表示 看起来,听起来 … 时)
Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch
key structure 🔑
现在进行时:
谓语动词: is/am/are + doing
用法1:表示现在正在进行的事
I am having breakfast now
J.K Rowling is writing another book this year
现在进行时可以表示狭义的现在 -> 此时此刻,与说话的当下同一时间
现在进行时可以表示大的时间段 -> 现阶段都在做这件事
用法2:表示将来确定要发生的事
I am coming to see you.
We are arriving
at … 我们正在到达…
一般现在时:
谓语动词: 原形或三单(do / does)
可能搭配频率副词使用
用法1:表示现在经常性习惯性的动作
We have the English class every day
I never get up early on sundays
用法2:表示现在的状态
I am a teacher.
It is one o’clock
用法3:表示永恒和真理、科学事实、客观真理、名言警句
The earth is round
感叹句:
感叹名词或名词词组,就在前面加what,主谓往后写(也可以省略主谓)
It is a terrible day! –> What a terrible day it is
感叹形容词副词,就用how
How beautiful
How interesting
Lesson 3 Please send me a card
生词短语用法 😲
生词/短语 | 解释 | 示例/备注 |
---|---|---|
be friendly to | 对 … 友好 | He is friendly to all of us(friendly是名词 + ly,作形容词) |
lend sb. sth | = lend sth. to sb. | |
lend 借出 / borrow 借入 | 借出 / 借入 | borow sth. from sb. |
teach sb. sth. | = teach sth. to sb. | |
thought about | 考虑 |
key structure 🔑
一般过去时:
形式:V.过去式(did)
Last summer I went to Italy
注意:
一般过去时是指完全发生在过去的事,现在已经不再这样了
She had a boyfriend. 她曾经有个男朋友
Tom was a student. Tom曾经是个学生
一般考法:
1、明确出现过去的时间,动作用一般过去时
2、没有出现具体时间,但上下文中有过去的动作,也用一般过去时
变否定疑问:
BE:You were happy -> You were not happy -> Were you happy?
实义:They had a meeting -> They did not have a meeting -> Did they have a meeting?
主谓双宾:
双宾语:一个是人,一个是物
Then he lend me a book
物永远是直接宾语,人永远是间接宾语
哪些及物动词能接双宾语?
一个及物动词能同时接人+物的,例如tell,tell sb.b sth.
能接双宾语不一定非要接双宾语 -> tell me
双宾语的两种写法:
1、双宾语动词 + 人 + 物 -> He lend me a book
2、双宾语动词 + 物 to/for + 人 -> He lend a book to me / buy sth. for sb.
Lesson 4 An exciting trip
生词短语用法 🧀
生词/短语 | 解释 |
---|---|
in the center of | 在 ..中心 |
have been in Guangzhou for three years | 一直在广州三年了 |
a great/large number of … | 许多 大量(可数名词 |
abroad是副词,所以go to abroad的用法是错误的,直接go abroad就可以了 | 因为副词可以直接修饰动词 |
key structure 🔑
现在完成时:
V.形式:have/has + done(过去分词)
用法:
1、现在全部完成
2、现在部分完成
3、现在的之前发生的事,不管做完没做完都可以表达
He has finished the homework. -> 做完
We have learned english for ten-year. -> 还没做完
变否定疑问:
直接处理助动词have/has即可
常用搭配:
Have/Has + just
+ done、Have/Has +already
+ done
Have/Has + ever
+ done 、Have/Has + never
+ done
同位语:
用于解释说明前面名词的,而且说明的是同一件事
I have just received a letter from my brother,Tim
区分动词过去式和过去分词:
过去式did用法:
一般过去时
过去分词done用法:
所有完成时态(现在完成、过去完成、将来完成)
被动语态(be + done)
非谓语动词
Lesson 5 No wrong numbers
生词短语用法 🍜
生词/短语 | 解释 | 示例/备注 |
---|---|---|
send / receive / get / leave + a message | 收/发一则信息的表达方式 | |
名词以ce结尾的话,换成形容词就转换成t | (1) | distance n.距离 -> distant adj.遥远的;difference 差异 -> different 不同的; |
名词以ce结尾的话,换成形容词就转换成t | (2) | importance 重要 -> important 重要的;confidence 信心 -> confident 有信心的; |
名词以ce结尾的话,换成形容词就转换成t | (3) | convenience 方便 -> convenient 方便的; |
I love you(现在), always have(过去到现在), always will(将来) | 一句经典电影台词 |
way短语:
In this way…:通过这种方式/方法
Please move this chair , It is in the way:挡路了
On the way to… 去…的路上
By the way:顺便
In a way, it’s an important book:从某种程度上来说
以Cover为例讲解如何理解单词的多种意思:
cover最根本的意思就两个字:覆盖
Snow covered the ground. -> 覆盖
We covered five miles on foot yesterday. -> 覆盖 -> 走过/越过
The bird covered five miles -> 覆盖 -> 飞过/越过
The book covered 10 chapters -> 覆盖 -> 包括/囊括
key structure 🔑
现在完成时 vs 一般过去时
在现在完成时中,如果表示之前全部做完的,可以换成一般过去时:
He has finished the homework. == He finished the homework.
不过要注意,这两种时态所强调的重点不同:
强调过去的时间,用一般过去:He finished the homework two hours age.
强调现在回头看过去,对现在有影响:He has finished the homework,so he can have a rest now.
现在完成时所涉及的时间范围:
He has been there for six month -> 从过去到现在
He was there. -> 过去
He is there. -> 现在
⚠️** 现在完成时其实就是担任过去和现在之间的一个桥梁,并不能替代”过去“**
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